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KMID : 0363620220430040052
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Journal of Korean Oriental Medicine
2022 Volume.43 No. 4 p.52 ~ p.73
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Investigation of Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidative Activities of Lonicerae Flos, Citri Pericarpium and Violae Herba Complex (LCVC)
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Kim Ho-Kyoung
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Abstract
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Objectives:The anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities of LCVC (Lonicerae Flos, Citri Pericarpium and Violae Herba Complex) have not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanisms underlying these effects in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages.
Methods:The evaluation of the anti-oxidative activity of LCVC was completed via DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging capacity, FRAP assay, measurement of polyphenol and flavonoid, assessment of ROS and NO levels in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. The anti-inflammatory activity was defined by measuring the production of biomarkers (PGE2, IL-1B, IL-6 and TNF-α), proteins (ERK, JNK, P38, Nrf2, Keap1, HO-1 and NQO1) and expressions of genes (iNOS, COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, Nrf2, Keap1, HO-1 and NQO1) in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells.
Results:LCVC have polyphenol and flavonoid contents. The results of DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging capacity and FRAP assay showed that the anti-oxidative activity was increased. Production of ROS, NO, IL-6, TNF-α, mRNA expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, Keap1, iNOS and COX-2 were decreased, and NQO1, Nrf2, and HO-1 were increased. In protein expression, JNK and Keap1 were decreased, NQO1, Nrf2 and HO-1 were increased, and no relationships were observed with the ERK and P38 by LCVC.
Conclusions:These results suggest that LCVC may offer protective effects against LPS-induced inflammatory and oxidative responses through attenuating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and MAPKs pathway. Therefore, we propose that LCVC has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities that have therapeutic potential in the treatment of inflammatory and oxidative disorders caused by the over-activation of macrophages.
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KEYWORD
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Lonicerae Flos, Citri Pericarpium, Violae Herba, LCVC, Anti-oxidative, Anti-inflammatory
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